Monday, June 30, 2025
Home Blog Page 65

Bomb Explosion outside Kabul Airport

0
Kabul airport

         

  • Kabul Airport Explosion Appears To Be Suicide Attack, Say US Officials.
  • At Least 40 Reportedly Dead In Kabul Suicide Blasts; ISIS Hand Suspected.
  • India Evacuates 35 People From Kabul.
  • Canada Ends Afghanistan Evacuation Operations: Government.

Sikkim, India — August 26th, 2021 — An explosion outside Kabul’s airport amid a huge evacuation effort from Afghanistan apparently by a suicide bomb, U.S. officials said on Thursday, citing an initial report and cautioning that it could change. A U.S. official told Reuters there were casualties from the explosion. It still is unclear how many were hurt. As many as three U.S. service members were among those injured, the official said, citing initial information. Two U.S. officials said it appeared to be a suicide bombing.

There were at least two explosions near Kabul’s airport amid a huge and chaotic evacuation effort from Afghanistan. The Pentagon said, with civilians and U.S. service members among the casualties described it as a “complex attack”. The U.S. officials said they were concerned that further attacks could occur at the airport following the twin blasts. A Taliban official said killed at least 13 people, including children, and wounded many Taliban guards. Media reports said the number of deaths is at least 40.

India’s approach:

India on Thursday evacuated 24 of its citizens and 11 Nepalese nationals in a military aircraft from Kabul. This in the backdrop of further deterioration in the security situation in the Afghan capital. People familiar with the evacuation mission said a plan was firmed up to bring back over 180 people. However, only 35 airlifted as the rest of them couldn’t reach the Kabul airport to board the C-17 aircraft of the Indian Air Force . As multiple check posts and other restrictions imposed by the Taliban in the city.

Canadian forces in Kabul ended evacuation efforts for their citizens and Afghans earlier on Thursday, ahead of an Aug. 31 deadline, acting chief of the defence staff General Wayne Eyre said. ” We stayed in Afghanistan for as long as we could … we wish we could have stayed longer and rescued everyone,” Eyre said at a news conference. “That we could not is truly heartbreaking, but the circumstances on the ground rapidly deteriorated.”

About ”The Sikkim Today”

‘The Sikkim Today’ was founded by Jeewan Dahal and Ajay Aggarwal in 2019 before the country went for polling for the Lok Sabha Elections. The online news portal which had initially covered issues related to the state of Sikkim has now expanded to the national level. Under our ‘All the news you need to know’ initiative, we cover topics of a wide variety ranging from Politics to Entertainment, National to International, Campus News, and Sports to Technology. TST is having a strong online presence with over 137 k followers on Facebook.

Platforms to connect with us:

 Website: https://thesikkimtoday.com/

 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thesikkimtoday

 Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/thesikkimtoday/

 Telegram : https://t.me/thesikkimtoday

Also, Read| Inkclick: Revolutionizing the landscape of the Indian Education System

Inkclick: Revolutionizing the landscape of the Indian Education System

0
Inkclick

Background:

With the advent of the digital revolution, nearly each element of our life has been impacted. More than 3.5 billion people have internet access. Further more than 5 billion people anticipated to own a mobile device, half of which are smartphones. This amount of connectivity has changed how individuals interact with one another, get news, and view the world.

It’s no surprise, however, that these digital transformation trends have had a significant impact on the education sector. The digital transition has had an impact on classrooms. Also, how teachers communicate with their students, from elementary school teachers to those in higher education. The COVID-19 pandemic, which shut down schools in innumerable locations around the world, has expedited these changes. 

Modern students’ needs are evolving as a result of their extensive usage of digital sources. They are always on the lookout for new ways to learn outside of the standard classroom setting. To address the dilemma, schools and institutions are looking for ways to establish alternate teaching models. Today’s students engross in a virtual world via the internet and cellphones, consuming a vast amount of information. It leaves schools and universities with little choice but to adapt. 

Gone are the days when education was only available to a select few. Students from all walks of life can now compete on an equal footing thanks to technological advancements. The educational ecosystem is driven by constant technological innovation. As well as the growing popularity of social media and the Internet of Things (IoT).

Rise of Inkclick:

To help students keep learning and excel in their lives, two young and powerful ed-tech enthusiasts Ankit Sanan and Parul Uppal founded Inkclick. India’s first digital social learning platform, helping students network with their peers and industry professionals for free and learn from global teachers at low rates and so that they can fight against today’s competitive world and make a place for themselves. The platform is exclusively meant for students from 6 years and above and is designed to enhance the students’ knowledge to help them carve a path in their professional journey. Like any other e-commerce platform, the framework gives the teachers complete autonomy to sell their courses and live classes to students at a nominal price. With complete freedom they may choose to consume what they like and from whom they like. Additionally, the platform promotes vocational education at a national level via digital means.

Revolutionizing Education System:

Their very idea behind laying the foundation of Inkclick was to transform or revolutionize the Indian education system. Uppal and Sanan hold the view that the Indian education system follows the same old method, and now needs change. With Inkclick, they want to take education to the next level. Further see kids learn at any time, anyplace, at affordable prices by the best educators and mentors across the country. Through the creation of this innovative online learning and networking platform, Inkclick, they are both continuously innovating and improving the way people view our educational system. It includes the best talent and know-how.

They both have recognized that removing technology or devices out of our children’s hands is a pipe dream, as they have become such an important part of our life. We adopt the approach of giving them something meaningful to do with it if we can’t take them away. Today’s children grow up with electronics in their hands, much like toys. One of the most important aspects of our existence is technology. Today, technology assist people in their daily tasks and also enable them to make a difference in the world. So, why not embrace this revolution and make the most out of it. Inkclick allows students to learn through the thing they love the most in today’s time; the Internet and being on their smartphones.  

Features of Inkclick:

Firstly-

One biggest feature that sets Inkclick apart from other ed-tech platforms is that it not only focuses on the academic excellence of the students but also focuses on their holistic development. Along with upskilling the talent of our youth making them job-ready and preparing them to make their mark in this competitive world. The overall personality development of students holds utmost importance. Since it eventually contributes to the progress of society and the nation.

Inkclick platform is aims to focusing on curating a holistic growth ecosystem for Students. The platform aims at providing a completely fresh outlook for the holistic development of students. While enhancing their talents in the age of digitalization. Inkclick is trying to revolutionize the education system where we pay equal importance to mental wellbeing and holistic development. Thus, helping students build a healthy mindset so that they can take up any life challenges in their journey.

Secondly-

Another feature that helps Inkclick stand above its competition and the crowd is that it is the social networking proposition where not only students but parents, teachers and institutions can come together for knowledge sharing purposes. Inkclick is bringing them all under one umbrella to address the issues at one forum and make it easier to communicate and arrive at a feasible solution quickly. On the one hand, Educators/ Teachers/ Mentors can join Inkclick to teach and share their knowledge with students and on the other hand, parents can join Inkclick to understand how they can help their kids to excel in life while knowing their issues. Overall, Inkclick enables parents, teachers, and students to come on one platform and use it to their advantage. The students will use the platform to learn and network.

Additionally-

With Inkclick, Parul Uppal and Ankit Sanan plan to expand the offering of the platform to tier 2 and 3 cities, as well as beyond, in order to reach every corner of the country which will allow the users of the platform to learn even if they are in the most remote parts of the country, whether online or offline. With the understanding that cost should not be an impediment to study, paid content on the platform will start at Rs. 89/-.

To further strengthen the roots of Inkclick and upskill the youth of the country, the platform has collaborated with Delhi Government’s Skill Development Center, aiming to offer skilling courses through a digital platform. Inkclick collaborated with Delhi Government’s initiative with Rotary Club of Delhi Southend – The Skill Development Centre to promote the idea of inculcating skilling for overall upscaling the talent of kids. Through this partnership, Inkclick became the first-ever Ed-Tech to promote vocational education at a national level via digital means. This will further generate employment opportunities for the masses. 

With an aim to engage with over 100000+ students through the support of over 10000+ mentors, Inkclick will provide a virtual classroom environment for teachers, parents & students. Parents will be able to monitor their children’s progress & educational growth alongside direct communication with the mentors. 

Final Thoughts:

For both students and teachers, the ideal combination of online learning and social networking, Inkclick, as a platform, is committed to providing the best service possible from the start of its mission to improve the nation’s future and transform the landscape of the Indian education system.

In the coming future, for kids, parents, and mentors, Inkclick will offer a global community and marketplace where they may interact and learn. To do so, they intend to grow their user base to the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and Africa. To overcome the language barrier, the platform will be expanded to include Hindi and Arabic in their upcoming phase.

Also, Read| The Myth Of The Aryan Invasion Theory

The Myth Of The Aryan Invasion Theory

0
"Aryan Invasion Theory"

Background to Aryan Invasion Theory:

The main idea to interpret and generally devalue the ancient history of India is The Aryan Invasion Theory. It’s a hypothesis that speculates that the Aryans, the people who wrote the Vedas might be barbaric fair-skinned nomads. Further, that they migrated from Central Asia and destroyed the Indigenous Harappan civilization, inhabited by the dark-skinned Dravidians. The exodus of the Aryans happened around 1500-1450 BC. They arrived on their horse-drawn chariots and iron weapons. Moreover, overthrew the cities of the more advanced Indus valley culture, with their superior battle tactics.

This theory was first introduced by the Germans and then propagated by the British. Influential men like Macaulay, with the help of the East India Company, widely propagated this theory in India for the sake of Christianity. He even took reference of the battle between light and darkness mentioned in the Vedas. Above all, interpreted it as the battle between the fair-skinned Aryans and dark-skinned Dravidians to suit their narrative.

Aryan vs Arya:

The word “Aryan” doesn’t exist in Sanskrit. What exists is the word “Arya” and this word has nothing to do with race. It means a worthy, respectable, honorable, or noble person. It is mentioned a few times in the Rig Veda to denote a good worthy family man who respects the traditions of his country, a good housekeeper and duly performs the rites of yajña. An Arya can be a Brahmin or a Kshatriya or a Vyshya or a Shudra. Anyone worthy and honorable from any section of society is Arya.

In the Ramayana, Shri Ram was an Arya. In the Mahabharata, the Pandavas were Arya because they were kings of great character. A man of principle, a man of character who is an example to others, a leader is an Arya. People like Swami Vivekanand, Mahatma Gandhi, Rani Lakshmi Bai and APJ Abdul Kalam all are Aryas.

Over the years the word Arya has found its place in various Indian languages. The words ariya, ayya, ajja and aje are the distorted versions of the word Arya. These are in languages such as Pali and Prakriti. It has taken the form of “ayya” in Telugu, Tamil and Kannada.

Misinterpretation:

The word “Arya” is probably one of the most misused, misunderstood and misinterpreted words in recent times. After Hitler adapted the word to denote the pure German race, the word became synonymous with racism. This was used politically for some 160 years by major state actors such as the British empire and Nazi Germany. Also, in India by Jawaharlal Nehru, the Ambedkarites (though BR Ambedkar himself emphatically rejected it), the Dravidianists, the missionaries and of course, the secularists.

This bunch of lies that the East India Company perpetuated, created a conflict between North and South Indians. This had a lasting effect. The British fostered it and financed it and through English education made sure that no one knew the source of the Indian culture. They provided a platform from where the newly educated Indian elite would see the differences between them and the Bible and choose the latter.

Aryan – Dravidian:

The rift created led to the Dravidian movement in Tamil Nadu which changed the politics of the land forever. It went to such an extent that during the final days of British rule, they wanted a separate Dravidastan. When they were denied, they begged the British not to leave India especially Tamil Nadu.

They could not identify themselves as Indians and the concept of one India seemed alien to them.

Adi Shankaracharya:

To begin with, the word Dravida is not a Tamil word. The Dravidian word is a Sanskrit word. Propagated by Adi Shankaracharya when he set out on his goal of spiritually re-unifying India. At that time six primary orthodox schools of philosophy exist in India. They are – nyaya, vaisheshika, mimamsa, vedanta, sankhya and yoga. At different periods in time, India has produced exceptional scholars who were unconditional masters in these respective schools of thought. It has often been the custom among learned men to debate the merits and demerits of these various systems of philosophy.

When one scholar won, typically the other would renounce his philosophy to serve the winner as a disciple. Of course, the disciple’s disciples also became new disciples. Shankaracharya realized that unless he was able to win over his powerful rivals, his goal of spiritually re-unifying India would remain difficult to fulfil. So he set out on a tour throughout India debating with great scholars of each school of thought and defeating them.

One such famous debate took place between the two very renowned scholars – Adi Shankaracharya and Mandana Misra at Varanasi. At the beginning of the debate when the judge asked Adi Shankaracharya for his introduction he replied “I am a Dravida Shishu.” The Sanskrit word Dravida is a combination of two words “Drav” meaning water and “Vid” meaning ridge or edge. So the word Dravida roughly translates into “the edge of water” or “the place where waters meet.” The word Dravida is purely geographical which Adi Shankaracharya had used to tell the North Indians that he was from the South of India from a place where three water bodies or oceans meet.

Negation of the AIT:

DNA Evidences

Recent DNA evidence further negates the Aryan invasion theory. Advances in genetics make it possible to show ancient migrations. Research around the world proved that the race Aryan didn’t exist anywhere else other than India. So there is no question of Aryans coming from Central Asia and Middle Asia. To test this hypothesis many leading agencies in the field of genetics took the DNA samples from the people of various races living in Central Asia middle Asia and East Asia and compare them to the DNA samples taken from North Indians and South Indians of different casts. The DNA samples taken from India didn’t match with any race of people from Central Asia or middle Asia.

However, we find the reverse Indians went from India to Central Asia to South Asia and East Asia and went all over the world and spread dangerous culture tradition and religion throughout the world. Also, the DNA of North Indians and South Indians were the same. So the entire of India is only one race of people indigenous to the land.

Geography

Geographical details also challenge the theory. The recent discovery of the dried-up Saraswati River further negates the Aryan invasion theory. Satellite photography from outer space shows the existence of a dried-up river bed in Northern India. The archaeological evidence indicates that the river dried up completely about 1900 BC, much before 1500 BC, the date ascribed to Aryan invasions. Saraswati is mentioned numerous times in the Vedic scriptures of the Aryans, indicating that these people lived in India during very ancient times. The Rig Veda has numerous references to the ocean, ships, sailing, storms and waves, all of which invaders from Central Asia would not have known about.

From the study of genetics and geography and ancient texts now it is generally accepted that modern man arose in East Africa about 200,000 years ago. From there, they spread to India about 90,000 years ago taking the southern route to Yemen, Sindh and the Indus region. In India, along the banks of river Saraswati, they multiplied and spread to other parts of Asia and Europe. Africa was the cradle of mankind and India was its nursery. When Saraswati dried up these people were forced to leave their homes and some migrated towards the south and some towards Europe taking their culture and traditions with them.

One should wonder why of all the nations in the world, India alone is historically known as Aryavarta, the land of the Aryas? If the Aryas came from Europe or elsewhere, those countries too should have been known as the same. India was and is the birthplace of Aryas, the ancient men of nobility, the original followers of the Vedic way of life, who were frequently mentioned in the Upanishads.

Influences:

A nation, whose populace is psychologically weak and is a victim of an inferiority complex, can be enslaved easily. Islamic & Christian subjugation of other cultures done with relative ease. Islam went to Iran which was a hundred per cent Zoroastrian country. Within 15 years of the conquest of Iran, it converted into hundred percent, Islam. Neighborhood Babylon and Mesopotamia after the takeover by Islam converted them into hundred percent, Islam, within seventeen years. The same thing happened in Egypt Within twenty one years they became hundred percent, Islam. Christians went to Europe and the converted Europeans into hundred percent Christians in fifty years.

But in India after 800 years of Islamic rule and 200 years of Christian rule and we’re still 80% Hindus. In India, the foreigners could not apply the same methods with this civilizational state which they have applied elsewhere successfully. We Indians fought against them and resisted them in every step. So the Christian invaders systematically studied Indian civilization to manufacture perverted interpretations of sacred traditions and prove that Hindus were/are a bunch of barbarians and such barbarianism is inbuilt in their tradition. India has never been a free land of the indigenous people and whoever came from outside dominated and ruled the people existing before them. And this gave birth to the most bizarre theory in history known as “The Aryan Invasion Theory.”

Conclusion:

This theory was to justify the rule of the invaders and portraying them as a superior culture that every Indian should adopt. It was a vast cover-up that made the Indians look down upon their native religious scriptures as something foreign and alien to them. It deliberately theorized so that Indians should not go back to their roots and look down upon the Vedic culture as nomadic warriors without any useful wisdom or knowledge which can be derived from them.

Yes, it has been seventy years since we became free of those invaders, but still, our history books have continued to propagate this obsolete fiction that degrades and divides her people. They have allowed their political biases and career interests to take precedence over the education of children. They continue to propagate a version that has no scientific basis. I think it’s high time for us to edit our books so that our younger generations will get a real picture of our culture and traditions. Because as the famous English writer Terry Pratchett once said, “It is important that we know where we come from, because if you do not know where you come from, then you don’t know where you are, and if you don’t know where you are, you don’t know where you’re going. And if you don’t know where you’re going, you’re probably going wrong.”

REFERENCES:-

https://www.sol.com.au/kor/16_01.htm

 https://scroll.in/article/827636/even-the-greatest-specialists-have-failed-to-prove-the-aryan-invasion- theory-koenraad-elst

https://rajivmalhotra.com/books/the-battle-for-sanskrit/the-battle-for-sanskrit-reviews/reflections- battle-sanskrit/

https://rajivmalhotra.com/books/the-battle-for-sanskrit/the-battle-for-sanskrit-reviews/reflections- battle-sanskrit/

https://tamilandvedas.com/tag/dravida-sisu/

http://archaeologyonline.net/artifacts/aryan-invasion-history

https://www.amrita.edu/news/myth-aryan-invasion

http://www.friendsofsouthasia.org/textbook/Recent_Findings_Archaeogenetics.html

http://uwf.edu/lgoel/documents/amythofaryaninvasionsofindia.pdf

AFGHAN REFUGEE CRISIS

0
AFGHAN REFUGEE CRISIS

The Taliban’s takeover of Kabul on August 15 prompted hundreds of Afghans to rush to the Hamid Karzai International Airport. Only to flee the Islamic militant organization’s impending rule. Several visuals showed a sea of people running on the airport tarmac. With some people desperate enough to tie themselves to the wheels of an aircraft that was leaving Kabul. Moreover, this situation has cast a shadow of uncertainty on the future of Afghan nationals. Some nations have announced their policy on taking Afghan refugees.

WHO IS A REFUGEE?

A refugee is someone who forced to flee his or her country because of persecution, war or violence. A refugee has a well-founded fear of persecution. For reasons of race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social group.

Further, an internally displaced person, or IDP, is someone who forced to flee their home. However, they never cross an international border.

REFUGEES AROUND THE WORLD

As of 2020, there are about 2.8 million Afghan refugees abroad. The highest number of refugees living abroad belong to Syria, at 6.8 million, according to UNHCR. A total of 68 percent of people displaced across borders belong to five countries. Namely Syria, Venezuela, Afghanistan, South Sudan and Myanmar.

Overall, at the end of 2020, 82.4 million people were displaced worldwide. On the grounds of persecution, conflict, violence and human rights violations. In terms of intake, Turkey hosts the most number of refugees (mostly from Syria) at over 4 million.

WHICH COUNTRIES WILL TAKE AFGHAN REFUGEES?

US: On August 2, the US Department of State announced the Priority 2 (P-2) designation which grants US Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP) access to certain Afghan nationals and their eligible family members. As per reports, the US is expected to take in over 10,000 Afghan nationals. Mostly including the people who helped the government.

UK: On August 18, the UK government announced that those who have been forced to flee their home or face threats of persecution from the Taliban will be offered a route to set up home in the UK permanently. The government will resettle 5,000 Afghan nationals who are at risk due to the current crisis during the first year of the resettlement scheme. Giving priority to women, girls and religious minorities. Overall, the UK aims to resettle 20,000 Afghan nationals through this scheme.

Canada: Canada has also promised to take 20,000 Afghan nationals.

Europe: Most European nations are wary of taking in Afghan refugees fearing a repeat of the 2015 migrant crisis, when the image of the body of the three-year-old Syrian boy, Alan Kurdi, lying face down on a beach near Bodrum, Turkey, became a symbol of the refugee crisis.

WHAT ABOUT INDIA?

India does not have a separate statute for refugees, and until now has been dealing with refugees on a case-by-case basis. India is not a signatory to the 1951 Convention on Refugees or the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees.

In 2011, the Union government circulated to all states and Union Territories a Standard Operating Procedure to deal with foreign nationals who claimed to be refugees.

Above all, considering the present situation in Afghanistan, India has introduced a new category of e-visa for Afghan nationals to fast-track their applications for entry into the country. These visas will be valid for six months only and it is not clear what will happen after this period elapses.

Also, Read| VALLEY OF FIVE LIONS- PANJSHIR

VALLEY OF FIVE LIONS- PANJSHIR

0
PANJSHIR ARMY

The Panjshir name driven from the river Panchami mentioned in Mahabharata the Hindu scripture. The name is also said to be on the legend of five brothers dating back to the 10th century. They constructed a dam for king Mahmood Ghazi to protect from water flooding in the valley. It’s calm amidst the chaos.

Significantly, Panjshir Province is located in eastern Afghanistan, near the Afghanistan – Pakistan border. The literacy rate is 27%. The province dominated by the Panjshir Valley and surrounding mountains. The population in the valley consists of Tajik, Hazara, Pashai, Nuristani, Ghilzai Pashtun communities, and other minority groups.

                    

WHY IN FOCUS?

With the ongoing takeover of Kabul by the Taliban, the Panjshir valley has been safe from the chaotic atmosphere in Afghanistan since the NATO-backed government from 2001 to 2021. Listing the few reasons below-

1. Geopolitical location – The region is folded in the Hindu-Kush mountains which provides it with a natural defence from the Taliban and even the soviet dating back to the 1990s. Access to the valley is possible only through narrow passage created by the Panjshir River, making it easy to defend. Panjsher Range to the north and the Kuhestan Range to the south; the mountain peaks covered permanently in the snow; small areas of rain-fed crops.

2. The Panjshir resistance– Also known as the second resistance. The most famous anti-Taliban Ahmad Shah Massoud protected the entrance of Panjshir who is said to be assassinated in 2001 by Al-Queada. Amrullah Saleh, Bismillah Khan Mohammadi are the other leaders along with Ahmad Massoud (son of Ahmad Shah Massoud).

3. Human Terrain- The Panjshir mostly consists of ethnic Tajiks, the second largest after Pashtun’s in Afghanistan. Ahmad Shah Massoud supported Islam only that in his personal view, women should get equality and the institutions built on democratic principles.

4. Economy– The valley is known for its emeralds, thus a source of finance resistance movements against the power. The valley has always demanded an autonomous status from the centre.

ON-GOING UPHEAVAL:

Massoud vowed he would not surrender to the Taliban. “I write from the Panjshir Valley today, ready to follow in my father’s footsteps, with Mujahideen fighters who are prepared to once again take on the Taliban,” he wrote in the Washington Post newspaper. “We have stores of ammunition and arms that we have patiently collected since my father’s time because we knew this day might come.”

Massoud and other leaders seeking support from other countries seeking peace, progress and stability with France, the EU and U.S.A. They were aware the day would come, with Ashraf Ghani fleeing and willfully failing to stand by his country. 

Furthermore, Amrullah Saleh (who declared himself as the acting President as per Afghanistan’s constitution) tweeted “Nations must respect the rule of law, not violence. Afghanistan is too big for Pakistan to swallow and too big for Talibs to govern. Don’t let your histories have a chapter on humiliation and bowing to terror groups.”

Conclusion:

Currently, the Taliban resistance seems strong, but the uncertainty is “how strong and for how long”. Ahmad Massoud said they can settle the situation with peace but will not surrender. The option of peace talks comes with no international support is being provided and low on defence resources. Presently, the Taliban forces are major in number and strongly equipped.

Moreover, Taliban’s currently stopping the access to food and fuels to the other regions, knocking at doors and abducting women and elders using them as a shield to move around. Panjshir is currently preparing for the worst, and the people are united. 

The Taliban forces have amassed outside Panjshir entrance on the other hand Saleh also claimed that the situation is under control while the vital Salang highway has been blocked by the resistance army. According to a recent report Taliban has threatened to attack if Ahmad Massoud doesn’t surrender peacefully. 

Above all, hoping that the resistance is strong enough to protect the “Valley of Resistance” with uncertainty surrounding The Oasis of Calm. 

Also, Read| DOPAMINE: AN ADDICTION?

DOPAMINE: AN ADDICTION?

0
DOPAMINE: AN ADDICTION?

Dopamine– are you all aware of this word? I bet many of you didn’t, me neither. Don’t you worry; we are going to talk about all of this.

First things first. Dopamine- is a neurotransmitter, a chemical that conveys signals between the brain’s nerve cells. Discovered by Arvid Carlsson and Nils-Ake Hillarp in 1958. 

Initially, it was considered that dopamine is responsible for the brain’s “pleasure” systems which makes you enjoy things. Therefore motivates you to approach certain behaviors such as food, drugs and sex.

Now the latest research shows that instead of seeking pleasure, dopamine is also critical in causing seeking behaviors– which means it causes a person to want, desire, search and seek out.

It makes a person curious about ideas and nudges a person to search about them. 

THE TWO SYSTEMS- WANTING AND LIKING:

From the view of the researcher Kent Berridge, there are two systems. One is wanting and the other is liking and these two are complementary. It is part of the wanting system. When you like something and feel satisfied. At that moment you pause your seeking, that is what the liking system is. However, the dopamine wanting system is the opposite and stronger than this, you tend to seek more than you are satisfied.

THE DOPAMINE LOOP:

Do you ever feel like you are stuck in an endless loop of scrolling? You want to stop but you cannot. Do you Google for looking something useful and then boom 30 minutes later you realize you have been searching around for a totally different thing for a long time now. Well, all of these are because your dopamine system is at work.

Let us make it more understandable with an example. Suppose you are using your Instagram, now your dopamine loop has become engaged. With scrolling photos, posts and headlines you are feeding your dopamine loop. All this makes you want more and there is even a possibility that you may not even feel satisfied. You just want more. This is what a dopamine loop looks like or feels like.

IS THERE A WAY TO GET OUT?

With each scroll, it becomes very hard to stop the dopamine loop. Yet the one way to stop is to make a counter-movement. A physical movement you do that becomes its own conditioned response. 

For example, when you realize you are in a dopamine loop, immediately press the home button and place the phone face side down. If you can come up with a physical movement that becomes a conditioned response you can at least break the dopamine seeking-reward loop once it has started.

Or maybe just turn off the device altogether for a while. 

[PSYCHOLOGY TODAY]

Also, Read|ANGELINA JOLIE SMASHES JENNIFER’S RECORD

ANGELINA JOLIE SMASHES JENNIFER’S RECORD

0
ANGELINA JOLIE SMASHES JENNIFER’S RECORD
ANGELINA JOLIE

Angelina Jolie Instagram Debut:

Arguably one of the most famous Hollywood actress Angelina Jolie finally made her Instagram debut on August 21, 2021. The ‘Mr. and Mrs. Smith’ lead took to Instagram to share a letter of a young Afghan girl’s life deeply disturbed by the takeover of their country by the Taliban. The letter further explained the fears and difficulties of women who are being forced to live under the Taliban’s rule.

Jolie beats Aniston’s record:

The actress gathered 1 million followers in less than 3 hours beating Jennifer Aniston’s record of gathering 1 million followers on Instagram in 5 hours. Though, Jolie was far away from breaking the record of NCT’s Taeil in gathering 1 million followers on Instagram. Jennifer made her Instagram debut in 2019 by sharing a photo with her fellow artists who had worked with her in the ‘Friends’ show. Interesting to note that, both Angelina and Jennifer had been married to Brad Pitt. Brad had left Jennifer for Angelina. They both came close while shooting for ‘Mr and Mrs. Smith’.

Voicing the Afghan Stories:

As of now at the time of writing the article, Angelina had over 7.5 million followers. The 46-year-old actress in her first post shared wrote that she had joined Instagram to share the stories and voices of those across the globe who are fighting for their basic human rights. She also told that she was on the border of Afghanistan two weeks before 9/11, where she met Afghan refugees fleeing away from the Taliban rule. 

Many humanitarian organizations including Amnesty, Refugees had welcomed her for using the platform to give voice to the voiceless. The second post she had shared was also on the people displaced due to various crisis including wars and conflicts. The raising of concerns of the voiceless on social media platforms by famous artists is like a ray of hope. It also assures society that the future is not going to be dark despite huge disparity among us.

Also, Read| Spoiler for the Madan Puraskar Nominated Novel -“Fulangey!”

Spoiler for the Madan Puraskar Nominated Novel -“Fulangey!”

1
Fulangey

“Everything ends in death, everything. Death is terrible.” Leo Tolstoy

After the death of Nimma’s father may be Nimma’s love for Jhuppey also died, may be Jhuppey lost his sanity. After the death of Nimma’s father, the Novel “Fulangey” ends. Death is terrible, yes death is terrible.

With each passing time, every generation is battling with their account of hurdles, documenting hardships and their experience. We are talking about agitation, which is not last year or before last year’s chaos. To quote legendary poet Bhupi Sherchand here:

हुदैन बिहान मिरमिरेमा तारा झरेर नगए
बन्दैन मुलुक, दुई चार सपुत मरेर नगए,

Meaning: There won’t be any morning if stars do not fall in the dawn. There won’t be any region if two or four Martyrs do not die.
Here, it is not about 2 or 3 we have had enough of death scenes over the years.

Talking about personal experience, those scenes from 2017 still haunts me at times. My mind has photographed that horrific chaos so vividly that cannot be undone at any cost.


I could keenly recapitulate the gossips with my grandparents about the experiences they gained from 1986’s agitation. They shared their experiences through oral tradition to my father and me, we shall pass them to our younger generation, but hopefully, we have literature with us. As we all know “साहित्य समाजको दर्पण हो” ‍ meaning: Literature is the mirror of society. Long time back few writers emerged as the representative of the agitation faced by our people but in course of finishing the novel and in course of understanding the scenario from the different spectrum we were misinterpreted for example in “Inheritance of loss”. The world is running in a rapid fathom. We are developing at our own pace, hope is there that we are getting our representative in the forms of novelists, poets, writers, researchers. Though we lack proper leadership we have enough of good reciprocal voices that have been heard in the mainstream arena of their respective genres.

After the grand success of “Fatsung” within and crossing our region, our sensible young writer from Kalimpong Lekhnath Chettri served us “Fulangey”. It exactly feels like the experiences passed down by our grandparents, this masterpiece novel will give such personal touch to the scenario of 1986.
I feel such agony that my late grandfather DN Dahal who happened to be a very concerned reader could not read “Fulangey”.

When we come to chronological aspects of the novel, Fulangey starts with the introduction of the “time”, time of the belief in supernatural elements, time of organic forums and ideas, time where there were very less colonial hangover, a time where my grandparents lived. The stories of every chapter are webbed precisely. The homely village ambiance with the conversation of Basnet and Basnetni will lift our hearts, the soft romance of Jhuppey and Nimma will surely give a glee. The scenes of brutality and incoherent riot will proceed. Basnetni’s piercing and earring snatching scene gave literal goosebumps to me. Basnets plead for his son’s information represents every father’s tears for his son who have been chased down by the locals or the CRPF soldiers during agitation. Jhuppey’s survival stunt making all the readers and Nimma speechless is the catastrophe of the novel. In short Jhuppey’s life has been a tragedy since he was betrayed by Chyatery. Jhuppey’s unexpected turn keeps him slightly on the periphery of an antagonist.

The novel ends with: “Why Jhuppey killed Nimma’s father?” The readers have to go in reverse, inculcate the tragedies of survival to find the answer.

The open-ended novel Fulangey, gives readers to build Nimma’s fate, from the betrayal of her love to losing her father, what are other heights of calamity one young and innocent woman can tolerate. Nimma’s character reminded me of Catherine Barkley of ” Farewell to Arms” by Ernest Hemingway. (Farewell to Arms is a novel by American writer Ernest Hemingway, set during the Italian campaign of World War I.) The selfless love and ideal romantic feelings of Nimma for Jhuppey are superior. Like the love of Catherine for Frederick Henry.

The scenario of 1986 is no less than a world war because for Jhuppey for Basnet for Basnetni their world was their small land, Relling. They were living their life happily, but they were forced for the trial, forced to abandon their home, forced to betray their love, forced to take a life for the sake of survival. Human sentiments had no value, for the sake of war, many were looted, deluded, killed, forced to flee, etc, Fulangey is documentation of what and how our ancestors witnessed the then so-called war for the sake of “Land” which is still in Delinquency.


When talked about “Fulangey” in the nomination of Madan Puraskar with the author Lekhnath Chettri, he said:
” As a writer, I never expected Fulangey will be the part of the nomination of huge Madan Puraskar but it is there so I feel it deserves everything. I have been getting overwhelming responses regarding Fulangey for a very long and It pleases me to know that my readers are loving my work Fulangey. Fulangey was mine till it was in my mind but now it is my reader’s property. I am happy they are liking it.”

Also, Read| Taliban Crisis – The Return Of Dark Days

Taliban Crisis – The Return Of Dark Days

1
Kabul airport

Background on Taliban Crisis:

•The Taliban’s known as the Islamic Emirates of Afghanistan (IEA) ruled Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001. It was the toughest time for women in Afghanistan. Presuming an austere interpretation of the Islamic Sharia and Pashtun tribal practices, the group paused access to women’s education, employment and health services. Women rights in Afghanistan gained equality under the 1964 constitution. However, taken back in the year 1990 via temporary rulers like the Taliban during the civil war. Women had very little to no freedom, in terms of civil liberties.

•The Taliban originated in southern Afghanistan by a member of the Pashtun tribe (Mullah Omar). He became a mujahedeen commander that helped Soviets out of the country in 1989. Mullah Omar captured Kandahar and seized Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan. 

This happened when Afghans grew disenchanted with the country’s insecurity. Taliban swiftly foist strict Islamic rules that banned television and music. Above all, barred girls from going to school and made women forcefully wear burqas.

Taliban and Laden:

The Taliban protected Osama bin Laden after he planned and executed a 9/11 attack in the US. Taliban refused to give back bin laden when the U.S. demanded. American troops invaded Afghanistan and quickly toppled Mullah Omar’s government. Mullah Omar and other Taliban leaders found their protection in neighboring country’s like Pakistan. While they mounted an insurgent campaign to regain power in Afghanistan. The militants ran away and later regrouped. 

Nato Alliances joined the US and a new Afghan government came in 2004 but the Taliban continued to attack. With the help of president Barak Obama, troops in 2009, the Taliban force pushed back but not for the long term. 2001-2014 was the bloodiest year, Nato’s international forces ended their combat mission, leaving security to the Afghan army. That gave the Taliban momentum and they seized more territory. But the question arises that how the return of the Taliban became catastrophic for women? 

Condition of Women:

Under the Taliban rule, women were to cover themselves and only leave the house in the company of any male relative. They also banned them from attending schools and working outside the home. They couldn’t even vote. 

Women were imposed with punishments for disobeying these rules which also made them beat and flogged, and can declare their death if found guilty. Afghanistan had the highest maternal mortality rate in the world. But with the Fall of the Taliban in 2001, the situation for Afghani women and girls vastly improved. Women of Afghanistan were able to hold their position as ambassadors, ministers, police, governor’s and security force members.

In 2003 new government rejected the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women, which requires states to incorporate gender equality into their domestic law. In 2004 Afghan Constitution holds that citizens of Afghanistan has equal rights and duties before the law. Meanwhile, in 2009 a law introduced to secure women from forced and under-age marriage and violence as well. After this law, a lot changed that got discovered as violence and crime against women became less. Having almost no girls at school to tens of thousands at university, the progress has been slow and unstable. Also, under the rule of the Taliban, an incident took at Kabul University. Women students were not allowed to leave their dorm rooms unless they are accompanied by a male guardian. Two students said they were effectively trapped because they had no male relatives in the city.

Conclusion:

•The notion speaks that the Taliban will change their ways which have been greeted with deep skepticism.

Worried about running into a conflict of local Taliban’s, many women stayed at home. Kabul residents have been tearing down the advertisement that show’s women without headscarves in recent days. The last rule of Taliban made restrictions on their behavior, outfit and movements. Imposed by roving morality police from the Ministry for the Propagation of Virtue and Prevention of Vice. They drove all over in pickup trucks, publicly humiliating and whipping women who did not follow to their rules. But for this new generation of Afghan girls who grew up studying at school and nurturing their dreams, the Taliban era is ancient history, and turning back the clock is a nearly incomprehensible fate. Therefore, the return of the Taliban have made an uneven and disturbed environment in the country of Afghanistan.

Also, Read| IIM Bangalore to Organize Entrepreneurship Festival

IIM Bangalore to Organize Entrepreneurship Festival

0
IIM Bangalore to organize Entrepreneurship festival

The Indian Institute of Management (IIM) of Bangalore will organize its Entrepreneurship Festival on August 21 and 22. This entrepreneurial festival titled “Eximius 2021”, for the 14th edition. It will be run by students from postgraduate courses in management. The theme of this year’s Entrepreneurship Festival is “Reflect.Reboot.Rebound”. Eximius 2021 is open to everyone and will last until August 22. According to a statement from IIM Bangalore, the event aims to celebrate entrepreneurship and cultivate entrepreneurial talent among participants. Eximius 2021 will host more than 20 competitions, more than 15 speaker meetings. Along with lectures and panel discussions, seven seminars, and product demonstrations by startups.

The talks will focus on strategy, start-up financing, IPO launches, public policy, product management, commercial creative launches, etc. The IIM Bangalore statement added that some of the conversations will focus on the lessons learned from the pandemic the innovations have occurred in the past year, and how the industry is recovering. Eximius 2021 will also host traditional competitions, including Pitcher Perfect, Young Entrepreneur Program and Startup Junction.

IIM Bangalore’s Eximius Young Entrepreneur Program is an accelerator program for aspiring entrepreneurs. Startup Junction is a platform that provides start-ups with an opportunity to showcase their products to various investors, entrepreneurs and customers.

Eximius 2021 will feature speakers such as Professor Rajeev Gowda, ExMP, Rajya Sabha, Prashant Tandon, co-founder and CEO of 1MG, Ankit Gupta, OYO India Franchisee and Vanguard CEO, Satya Tripathi, Planet Alliance Secretary-General for Global Sustainability, Vikram Vaidyanathan, Managing Partner of Matrix Partners India and Tarun Sharma, CEO and Co-Founder of mCaffeine. Comedians Sridhar V and Zakir Khan will also perform on August 21 and 22, respectively.

Also, Read| Google’s Accelerator Program snatches 16 Indian Startups